Apparatus for forming hollow articles from plastic material



Jun; 2, 1942;

E. T. FERNGREN I 2,285,150

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APPARATUS FOR FORMING HOLLOW ARTICLES FROM PLASTIC MATERIAL Original Filed Aug. 10, 1938 15 Sheets-Sheetl3 Z7 TlthVi VENTOR June 2, 1942.- E. T. FERNGREN 2,235,150

APPARATUS FOR FORMING HOLLOW ARTICLES FROM PLASTIC MATERIAL Original Filed Aug. 10, 1938 15 Sheets-Sheet 14 A96 A97 3'' E06" 97 568/ -09 r zza 5536' E -aaa 33 63 209 E. T. FERNGREN 2,285,150

AfPARATUS FOR FORMING HOLLOW AR'ITICLES FROM PLASTIC MATERIAL June 2, 1942.

Origixi'al Filed Aug. 10. 1958 15 Sheets-Sheet l5 INVENTOR Patented June 2, 1942 APPARATUS FOR FORMING HOLLOW ARTI CLES FROM PLASTIC MATERIAL Enoch 'r. Ferngren, Little Neck, N.

Y., assignor to Plax Corporation, Hartford, Conn., a corporation of Delaware Original application August 10,1938, Serial No. 224,001. Divided and this application June 19, 1940, Serial No. 341,288

12 Claims.

The present application relates to apparatus for forming hollow articles from plastic material and more particularly to certain phases of the apparatusfor carrying out the process disclosed and claimed in applicant's Patent No. 2,128,239, granted Aug. 30, 1938. Applicant's parent appli-' cation Serial No. 224,001, filed Aug. 10, 1938, which has become Patent No. 2,230,190, of which the present application is a division, is a continuation in part of the subject matter disclosed in applicant's aforesaid Patent No. 2,128,239.

In said patent there is disclosed a process of forming articles from organic plastic material, such as cellulose acetate compounds, by extrusion and blowing, the patent illustrating diagrammatically a nozzle through which organic plastic material may be extruded in hollow tubular form and a mold which is made in several parts, as specifically hereinafter set forth. The leading end of the hollow tubular body of plastic material is closed, preferably before the remainder of the material to form an article is extruded from the nozzle, this closing being effected either by introducing the nozzle downwardly into the mold to bring its lower end to a position adiacent to the bottom thereof and then causing the plastic material to mushroom out against the mold bottom, or by forming the nozzle with its inner tubular member terminating short of the lower end of its outer tubular member and applying vacuum through the interior of the inner tubular member to assist the plastic material in flowing together adjacent to the discharge end of the=nozzle. This latter manner of closing the leading end of the hollow body may be made use'of at any position of the nozzle"in relation to the mold, either partly within the mold or at Y a position whollyou tsvide the mold. This patent also discloses various ays of severing the plastic material used to form an article from that rei maining within the extrusion nozzle at the completion of the formation of the article.

Applicant's parent application 224,001,- of which the present application is a division, discloses apparatus for carrying out the process of applicant's Patent No. 2,128,239 in a manner which will be relatively rapid fromthe point of view of mass production, yet permit adequate time for the making of .each individual article. The present application relates more particularly to the apparatus for operating the molds in opening andclosing them and moving them as hereinafter described.

An object of the invention is to provide a novel and mold construction and novel arrangements for 55 opening and closing such a mold. Specificallythis phase of the invention includes mounting a mold on a rotary carrier in such a way that upon the opening of the mold for the release of an article, such as a bottle formed therein, the article will be disposed in a lower one-part, cuplike portion of the mold and positioned in such a way in respect to the carrier that the neck portion of the bottle may be easily accessible to take-out means disposed radially outward of the carrier. This is particularly important in the case (herein disclosed) of a carrier rotated about a horizontal axis and having a number of groups of molds,e ach of which includes several individual molds.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following specification and appended claims, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a view principally in elevation of substantially the entire forming machine, certain parts being shown in full lines in one position and in dotted lines in other positions;

Fig. 2 is a view principally in side elevation as seen from the left, Fig. l, but with certain parts broken away and in vertical section, showing substantially the entire forming machine;

Fig. 3 is a view principally in plan, but with :0 some parts broken away and in horizontal section of the whole machine, certain mechanisms being shown in part at the-left of the figure in one position and in part at the right. in another position;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary view principally in side elevation but with certain parts in section substantially on the line 66 of Fig. 10 showing certain of the mold operating mechanisms;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view principally in plan with certain parts broken away and in horizontal section showing the mechanism of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary detail view of certain of the mold operating mechanisms partly in elevation and partly in section, taken substantially on the line 6--6 of Fig. 10;

Figs. 7 and 8 are views somewhat similar to Fig. 6 of certain of the mold operating mechanisms showing successive different positions in the operation of opening a mold; the mold in Fig. 6 being shown closed and in the article forming position; that in Fig. 7, partly open and at an intermediate position, and that in Fig. 8,

fully open and at the takeout position as shown in full lines in Figs. 4 and 5;

Fig. 9 is a view in perspective of a sector mem- Fig. is a 'fragmentary detail-view of the-mold and the operating mechanism therefor, shown in Figs. 4 to 9, the view being taken in side elevation as to the closed mold and certain parts being broken away and'shown in section;

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary view in transverse vertical section taken substantially on the line ll-ll of Fig. 10;

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary view partly in plan and partly in horizontal section of one of the neck molds, showing the interior construction thereof;

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary detail view as seen from the left in Fig. 1, illustrating the body mold in open or takeout position, the neck mold open and the mouth ring separated therefrom, and certain of the mold operating mechanism;

Figs. 14 and 15 are fragmentary views of the several parts of a mold, showing the sequential steps in the opening thereof, the views being substantially in side elevation;

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary detail view substantially in vertical section on the line lS-IG of Fig. 11, showing the means for locking and unlocking and opening and closing the neck mold;

Fig. 17 is a view similar to Fig. 16, showing the parts in an intermediate position;

Fig. 18 is a view of the same parts in position such that the neck mold is open;

, Y 2,285, her for controlling the tilting of the body molds;

of Fig. 32 which is broken ofi and shown separately in view of space requirements on the Fig, 19 is a bottom plan view of a neck mold closing member, shown in Figs. 16 to 18;

Fi 20 is a view in transverse section on the line 20-20 of Fig. 19;

Fig. 21 is a detail view in elevation of a cam and associated means for controlling the vertical movement of the plastic material extrusion chamber and the nozzles associated therewith;

Fig. 22 is an end elevation of the mechanism of Fig. 21 as seen from the right in that figure;

Fig. 23 is a fragmentary detail view principally in plan and taken substantially on the line 23-23 of Fig. 21;.

Fig. 24 is a fragmentary detail view principally in bottom plan and taken substantially on the line 24-24 of Fig. 21;

Fig. 25 is an enlarged fragmentary detail view principally in elevation and with parts broken away-showing the switch member at the left of Fig. 21 and the operation thereof;

Fig. 26 is a fragmentary detail view partly in vertical section and partly in elevation of a ratchet wheel type of switch usable alternatively with the switch means of Figs. 21 to 25;

Fig. 27 is a fragmentary view in side elevation of the ratchet mechanism of Fig. 26;

Fig. 28 is a fragmentary detail view in front elevation, showing the means'for locking the oscillating nomle supporting structure to the .rotary carrier for movement therewith;

Fig. 29 is a view principally in side elevation of the structure shown in Fig. 28 as seen from the right in that figure;

Figs. 30 and 31 are fragmentary detail views substantially in horizontal section and taken on the lines 30-40 and 3l--3l respectively of F18. 2

Fig. 32 is a fragmentary view principally in front elevation and with certain parts broken away and in vertical section and other related parts shown in dot and dash lines, illustrating the nozzles and certain of the means for hanthrough;

Fig. 320 is an extension of an adjacent part 'dling the plastic material and forcing it theresheet;

Fig. 33 is a view principally in plan, but with parts broken away and in horizontal section, of the mechanism of Fig. 32, illustrating particularly the' means for operating the valves controlling the flow of plastic material into and out of the receiving chamber Figs. 34 and 340 are lower and upper portions respectively of a view showing partly in end elevation and partly broken away and in vertical section the mechanism of Figs. 32 and 33 as seen from the left in those views;

Fig. 35 is a fragmentary view in section taken substantially on the line 3535 of Fig. 34 and illustrating the valve for controlling the flow of plastic material into the measuring chamber;

Figs. 36 and 36a are views showing in open and closed positions respectively and substantially in horizontal section on the line 36-46 of Fig. 34, a valve for controlling the flow of plastic material from the measuring chamber to a nozzle;

Figs. 37 and 38 are views substantially in front elevation and plan respectively of the means for supplying fluid pressure to the nozzles and also showing the pressure controlling valves;

Fig. 39 is a view of one of the pressure controlling valves and the cam controlling means therefor, the view being substantially in side elevation, but at right angles to the position of the parts shown in Fig. 40 in view of space requirements;

Fig. 40 is a fragmentary view in side elevation showing in full lines one of the pressure con trolling valves for the nozzles and the cam controlling means therefor and in dot and dash lines the relationship of other parts of the machine;

Fig. 41 is a bottom plan view of one of the banks of valves for controlling the flow of fluid pressure to and from the nozzles;

Fig. 42 is a view of the same valves, substantially in horizontal section on the line 4242 of Fig. 37;

Fig. 43 is a detail view substantially in vertical section on the line 43-43 of Fig. 38, showing one of the valves and the operating means therefor;

Fig. 44 is a view substantially in a vertical section on the line 44-44 of Fig. 38, showing the construction and operation of the valves of this p;

Figs. 45, 46 and 47 are fragmentary views substantially in end elevation showing the operation of the several valves;

Fig. 48 is a view in side elevation of the valves controlling the cutting off of pressure to the nozzles during the return or idle oscillatory stroke thereof;

Fig. 49 is a view partly in plan and partly in horizontal section of the valves of Fig. 48 showing the construction thereof;

Figs. 50 and 51 are fragmentary views in side elevation on the line 50-50 of Fig. 48, illustrating one of the valves in open and closed positions respectively;

Figs. 52 and 53 are diagrammatic views substantially in transverse vertical section illustrating the forming of an article according to a process wherein the nozzle is introduced a substantial distance into the mold until the lower end thereof approaches the lower end of the mold;

Fig. 54 is a fragmentary detail view in perspective and with parts broken away and in section showing the mouth ring with a separate 7 nipple threaded therein to assist in forming the 'in end elevation neck on an article and in severing lt fromthe plastic material within the nozzle;

Figs. 55, 56, 57 and 58 are a series of diagrammatic figures, all substantially, in central vertical section, showing various steps in the proces of forming an article by extruding a closed? ended hollow body of plastic material from the nozzle into the mold and expanding this body in the mold while the nozzle is gradually withdrawn therefrom;

Fig. 59 is an enlarged fragmentary detail view substantially in central vertical section, illustrating the parting or severance of the plastic material forming an article, from that within the nozzle;

Fig. 60 is a view substantially in side elevation illustrating a takeout mechanism for removing bottles from the body portions of the molds of themachine shown in the previous figures;

Fig. 61 is a view substantially in plan of the device of Fig. 60;

Fig. 62 is a view principally in side elevation of the device of Fig. 60, certain parts being omitted for clearness, showing bottle reaming means associated with the takeout device;

Fig. 63 is a fragmentary view substantially in side elevation of a drive mechanism which may be used to drive the takeout and reaming device of Fig. 60 from the forming machine of the previous figures;

Fig. 64 is a fragmentary viewsubstantially in plan of the parts shown in Fig. 63;

Fig. 65 is a fragmentary detail view taken substantially on the line 65-65 of Fig. 63 showing the common drive shaft and certain related parts Figs. 66, 67 and 68 are views from different sides of the takeout means of Figs. 60 and 61 and showing the tongs or bottle i ping means and the mechanism by which this means is operated to grasp the bottles or other articles resiliently; Figs. 69an'd 70 are fragmentary detail views in elevation and plan respectively of the cam means for opening the bottle gripping means to release articles held therein, the latter being a. view as seen from the line HI- of Fig. 62;

Fig. 71 is a fragmentary detail view principally in elevation and with parts broken away showing the construction and operation of the reaming means associated with the takeout device.

Fig. '72 is a view principally in transverse radial section showing th reaming means of Fig. 71, certain parts being illustrated asseen substantially on the line 12-42 of Fig. 71;

Fig. 73 is an enlarged fragmentary detail view principally in transverse section, showing one of the rotating reaming or neck finishing devices and its mounting; and

Fig. 74 is a view in transverse section on the linen-14 of Fig. '73.

The apparatus of the present invention may be used in conjunction with many different types of materials. In fact, the only limitation which need be placed upon the present invention from the point of view of the type of material is that the material be workable by the apparatus disclosed. The appended claims are to be construed accordingly. Many of the claims recite the material to be worked on as organic plastic material which may be expanded b blowing and is thereafter capable of being rigidifled. This is,

intended to include. both thermoplastic and thermosetting types of materials and/or mixmatter, including for l 3 tures thereof with each other or with other material, such as plasticizers, fillers, resins, high and/or low boiling solvents, etc. Certain subject example the means for opening and closing and moving the molds hereinafter described, i adapted to beused with many other types of plastic materials, some of which are of inorganic nature, for example, glass.

Furthermore, the term blowing is used hereinafter and in the claims to designate .the expansion of hollow articles by the internal application of fluid pressure thereto. This term is to be construed broadly to include both gaseous and liquid pressure. The intended scope of other expressions will be brought out throughout the specification and will be apparent from the appended claims.

While there is shown for purposes of illustration of the present invention a rotary type machine wherein a mold carrier is arranged for rotation about a horizontal axis, many, if not all, of the principles of the present invention may be employed in rotary type machines, whether intermittently or continuously rotated, and

. wherein the mold carriers are pivoted about vertical or otherwise disposed axes.

Furthermore, there is illustrated in the present case a continuously rotating machine in which a single set of extrusion nozzles operates in conjunction with the machine by oscillating to move with each set of molds in succession and thereafter to return to cooperate with the next set of molds. However, if desired, an extrusion nozzle may be provided for each mold and arranged to move therewith in the rotation of the mold carrier. These and other alternatives fairly coming within the scope of the .appended claims are to be consideredas included in the present invention.

GENERAL ARRANGEllIENTS which is mounted a transverse shaft 4. The

shaft '4 may be stationary and provided, at its ends with suitable nuts 5 threaded on the shaft 4 and secured in a fixed position thereon by key members 6, Fig. 3. t

On the shaft 4 is pivoted a main rotatable carrier comprising a pair of disk-like members 1 which are secured together as hereinafter set forth and are arranged for free rotary movement about the shaft 4. Carried by the rotary carrier comprising the disk members I are a plurality of groups of molds 8, each group in the present instance comprising three molds, the several mold groups serving to tie together the disklike members 1. Supported by the side frame members 2 are upwardly extending bracket members 9 which may be connected together at their upper ends, as shown at l0, Fig. 2, this connection as shown supporting a supply chamber for plastic material, here illustrated as a double-walled tank I l. Plastic material of any suitable nature may be contained within the tank II and may be maintained therein at a desired temperature as by means of a temperature controlling fluid flowing through the space between the double walls of the tank ll, Fig. 1. I

Also arranged for rotation about the axis of the'shaft 4 is a nozzle supporting structure or yoke member II, which is generally U-shaped and is arranged with bearing portions l3 embracing the shaft 4. The structure 12 carries a plastic material measuring chamber shown in Figs. 32 and 33 and alsocarries a series of extrusion nozzles, similar innumber and arrange- 'ment to the number and arrangement of the molds in each mold group 8 and arranged to cooperate successively with each group of molds during a time the mold carrier and the yoke ll are locked together, as hereinafter set forth, the yoke i2 returning after a predetermined period of movement with the mold carrier to cooperate with the next succeeding group of molds.

All the operations of the apparatus are coordinated in proper sequence and all are driven from the rotation of the mold carrier. The drive :for the mold carrier is not illustrated herein, but

may be of any-conventional type. As shown, Figs. 1, 2, 60 and 63 to 65, the edge portions of the disks I are provided with outwardly turned flange portions, best shown in Fig. 64, these portions carrying large gear rings l4 having teeth 23 of the bracket ii. The neck molds are thus mounted for opening and closing movement and in addition for a sliding movement in a direction axial of the mold at the closed position thereof, as seen in Fig. 11.

The mouth rings I! are all mounted on a common transverse supporting bar 21, which is provided at suitable points,as adjacent to the ends thereof, with bosses II in each of which is secured a guide rod 28 extending into a suitable bore formed in a part of the bar parallel with the guides 26 and with the longitudinal axis of the mold when closed. Thus, the mouth rings are mounted for sliding movement in a direction axial of the mold with and with respect to the neck molds.

During the forming of an article in each mold and for the major portion of the rotation of the mold carrier, the molds are closed and are positioned as shown for example in Figs. 1, 10 and 11, so that the molds and their brackets I! are substantially radially disposed in respect to the mold carrier with the neck openings of the molds directed both inwardly and peripherally. Any

suitable driving means may be provided meshing with the teeth of the gear rings l4. Preferably this drive should cooperate with the gear rings associated with both the disk members I, so as to have a uniform drive without putting undue strain on the parts connecting the disks 1, as hereinafter set forth.

The several phases of the machine and their construction and operation will be taken up hereinafter in separate sections.

Mold construction, mounting and operation While three molds are shown in each. mold group 8, it is contemplated that any number, including one, of such molds may be provided for each group and operate in the same way, the only difference being as to the width of the machine or the axial dimension of the mold carrier including the disk members 1.

Each mold group 8 is mounted in a transversely extending mold carrying member or bracket l5, Figs. 4 to'13 inclusive. This bracket is pivotally connected 'at its opposite ends with the disk members I of the rotary carrier and serves to connect these two disk members. For this purpose the member i5 is provided with pintle portions it joumaled in the disk members 1, Figs.

5 and 10.

Turning now to Figs. 14 and 15,-wherein the molds are shown in side elevation and to Figs. 55 to 58 showing the molds in central vertical section, each mold comprises a substantially unitary or one-part b0 mold portion II, a split or partible neck mold l8 and a substantially unitary mouth ring IS. The body mold portions ll of the molds of each group 8 are mounted on a common transversely extending supporting bar 20, Figs. 10 to 13. At its ends the bar 20 is provided with laterally extending bracket portions 2|, each of, which carries rigid therewith a pin 22 journaled in upstanding end portions'23 of the supporting bracket IS. The axes of the pins 22 are aligned and parallel with thatof the pintles ii. The neck molds ii are formed in split, mating or complementary portions, best shown in Fig. 12, and are pivoted at 24 to a-transverse neck mold carrying bar 25, the ends of which are formed with slide members 26, Fig. 5, which are received in grooves in the upstanding portions outermost. As the molds approach the takeout position, which is at the left side of Fig. 1 about half way up, the several mold parts just described are moved so as to open the molds to leave the completed articles in the body portions ll thereof and to present the articles neck outermost. Thus the neck portions of the articles are easily accessible for removal from the molds by any suitable means, as that shown in Figs. to 74 inclusive. Many different types of mechanisms could be provided for operating the mold parts in the several ways hereinafter set forth to eflect the desired results. The mechanism shown in the drawings by way of illustration will now be described.

As shown in Figs. 4 to 10 inclusive, a mechanism is provided for controlling theseveral mold movements in response to the rotation of the carrier from a single stationary cam shown in Fig. 1

and hereinafter described, the same mechanism here shown being provided at each end of the mold carrier bracket l5, although one of these mechanisms may be dispensed with in case of relatively narrow mold carriers. However, inasmuch as these mechanisms are substantial duplicates of each other, only one will be described.

In moving from the forming position to the takeout position, one operation is to rotate the brackets I5 with respect to the mold carrier from a substantially radial position, Figs. 1, 6 and 10,

l to a substantially tangential position, Figs. 4, 5, 8

and 13, in the present case the rotation being approximately clockwise, as seen in Fig. 1. For this purpose, means are provided foreffecting the rotation of the brackets IS in response to the continuous rotation of the mold carrier'and particularly in response to a stationary cam.

The mold carrier I5 is provided with a curved rack 30 secured thereto in any suitable manner, as by bolts 3!, Fig. 4. The rack 35 is concentric with the axis of the pintle l6. Meshing with the'rack 30 is a pinion 32, Fig. 5, mounted on a short shaft 33 which is secured in the disk I. Also mounted on the shaft 33 and secured to the pinion 32 by a sleeve 14 is a pinion l5. Meshing with the pinion 35 is an intermediate gear 36 rotatable about a shaft 31 secured in the disk I; and meshing with the gear I is another intermediate gear 38 rotatable about a shaft 39,

" also secured in the disk I. The gear 38 meshes meshes with the .in'temally directed teeth of a rack 42 forming a part of a frame member 46 which is secured to ashaft 44 journaled in the disk 1. n the opposite side of the disk] the shaft 44 has secured thereto a crank arm 45 carrying at its outer end. a cam roller 46, which is arranged to move in {a closed cam track 41. Figs. 1 and 4 to 13 inclusive. The cam track 41 is formed on a plate 46which is carried by brackets 49, Fig. 2,, from the supports 2 of the machine.

Thus, the shape of the cam track 41 will be eifective through the mechanism described torotate the moldsupport l5 between the position shown in Figs. 6 and wherein the mold support and mold extend radially outwardly of the carrier and the position shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 8 wherein the mold support extends substantially tangential to the carrier, having been rotated through an angle of approximately 90 in a clockwise direction, asseen at the left in Fig. 1.

During the rotation aforesaid of the mold supporting bracket 15, it is the purpose of the present mechanism to open the mold and eventually to present the neck portion of an article substantially radially outwardly free of the neck mold and mouth ring. To open the neck mold, it is necessary that the mouth ring i9 and .body mold I 1 be relatively moved in respect to the neck mold 18 in an axial direction. As shown in Figs. 14 and 15, the neck mold has a depending flange 56 which enters a corresponding recess in the body mold l1 and an upper flange 5|, which in the closed'position of the mold, Figs. 55 to 58, enters into a corresponding recess in the mouth ring 19. In order to freethese parts to permit the opening of the neck mold, the neck mold l8 and the mouth ring i 9 are first moved simultaneously and bodily with respect to the body mold portion 11 in an axial direction, Fig. 14. Subsequent to this, the mouth ring is given a furneck mold and mouth ring, and by mechanism hereinafter to be described. The means for prother axial movement in respect to the neck mold,

ducing these relative axial movements will firstbe described.

At their ends the bars 25 and 21 which carry the'neck mold and mouth ring respectively are provided with cam rolls 52 and 53. These cam rolls operate respectively in closed cam tracks 54 and 55 of a cam member generally indicated 51 concentric with the pin I6 and thesleeve 4i and secured to the latter by a key 51a, Figs. 6, '7 and 8. The sleeves 4| and 51 are freely rotatable about the pin I6.

Thus, the cam member 56 is rotated bythc gear 40 in response to the shape of the .cam track 41, but due to the ratio between the, diameters of gears 40 and 35 on the one hand and the pinion 32 and the rack 30 on the other, the cam member 56 will be given a greater angular movement than will the mold support i 5 for a given movement of the cam roll 46. The movement of the cam 56 is substantially from the position shown in Fig. 6 through that shown in v at 56. The cam member 56 is secured to a sleeve isat its lowermost position Fig. '7 to that shown in Fig. 8. The differential A as will be seen from a consideration of Figs. 6, '7

in respectt'o the cam member 56, the neck mold and mouth ring move axially to about the position shown in Fig. 14. Thereafter the neck mold is moved very little in respect tothe mold carrier i5as the roller 52 comes into a substantially constant radius portion of the cam track 54. However, the roller 53 moves through a constant- 1y increasing radius portion of the cam track 55 and thus causes a separation of the neck mold and mouth ring from vthe position of theparts shown in Fig. 14 to that shownin Fig. 15. Subsequent to this the further axial movement of the mouth ring away from the neck mold is utilized to open the neck mold by mechanism presently to be described.

As best shown in Fig. 11, the bar 21 carrying the mouth rings!!! has secured therein a sleeve member 5117 on which the, arms 58 of the neck mold 18 are pivoted, as shown in Fig. 12. The sleeve 51b extends through a pair of webs or projections 59 and 60 of the bar 25 and is centered and guided thereby. Centrally of this sleeve 51b is a hollow sleeve or tube 61 which may. also be secured in the bar 21 and closed at;

its upper end for a purpose hereinafter to be described. This sleeve 61 passes through a lower web 62 of the bar 25 and may serve to conduct temperature controlling media away from the molds as hereinafter set forth. At its lower end the sleeve 51b carries a laterally extending bracket portion 63 having thereon a wedge member 64, Figs. 11 and 16 to 18, for cooperation with suitably shaped recesses 65 formed in the arms 58 of the neck mold. Thus, when the mouth ring is separated from the neck mold, as seen from a comparison of Figs. 14 and 15, the wedge 64 will be moved upwardly in respect to the neck mold arms 56, causing the separation of the neck mold arms and the opening of the neck mold, as seen in Figs. 16 to 18.

Means are provided for holding the neck mold portions locked during the forming of an article in the mold and for closing and locking the neck mold portions after they have been opened. For

this purpose the substantially horizontal web portion 66 of the bar 21 carrying the mouth rings has secured thereto a somewhat arcuate cam member 61 having wedging and locking portions 68, as shown in Figs. 16 to 20 inclusive. The member 61 may be secured to the web 66 in any suitable manner, as for example by bolts 69 passing throughelongate slots 10 in the member 61 to permit of a desired adjustment of the parts.

As seen in Figs. 16 to 18, when the member 61 in respect to the neck mold arms 58, the upper portions of these arms are located between substantially parallel faces of the member 61, thus locking the arms 58 together and holding the neck mold closed and locked. When the neck mold and mouth ring have been moved apart to a certain extent as shown in Fig. 17, the parallel faces of the member 61 are above the neck mold arms 58, unlocking them, and the wedge 64 is just ready to force the neck mold arms apart to open the neck mold. In Fig. 18, the bar.21 has been moved to its uppermost position, moving the member 61 wholly away from the neck mold-arms 58 and permitting them to be separated by the wedge 64. On the reverse movement of the parts, the wedge 64 is moved out from between the neck mold arms 58, permitting them to be closed together by the 

